Ukungcoliswa komoya wangaphakathi kubangelwa ukushisa imithombo kaphethiloli eqinile - njengezinkuni zokubasa, imfucuza yezitshalo, kanye nobulongwe - ukuze kuphekwe futhi kufudumale.
Ukushiswa kwamafutha anjalo, ikakhulukazi emakhaya ampofu, kuholela ekungcoleni komoya okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula ezingaholela ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi. I-WHO ibiza ukungcola komoya ngaphakathi ngokuthi “ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yezempilo yemvelo.”
Ukungcola komoya endlini kungenye yezinto ezibangela ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
Ukungcoliswa komoya wangaphakathi kuyisici esiyinhloko esibangela ukufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi emazweni ampofu
Ukungcoliswa komoya wangaphakathi kungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo emhlabeni - ikakhulukaziabampofu kakhulu emhlabeniabavame ukungabi namandla okuthola izinto zokupheka ezihlanzekile.
IUmthwalo Wezifo Womhlaba Wonkekuyisifundo esikhulu somhlaba wonke ngezimbangela kanye nezici eziyingozi zokufa nezifo esanyatheliswa kumagazini wezokwelaphaI-Lancet.2Lezi zilinganiso zenani laminyaka yonke lokufa okubangelwa izici eziningi eziyingozi ziboniswe lapha. Leli shadi liboniswa ngenani eliphelele lomhlaba wonke, kodwa lingahlolwa kunoma yiliphi izwe noma isifunda kusetshenziswa i-toggle ethi “shintsha izwe”.
Ukungcola komoya endlini kuyimbangela eyingozi yezimbangela eziningi zokufa emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa isifo senhliziyo, i-pneumonia, isifo sohlangothi, isifo sikashukela kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.3Eshadini sibona ukuthi kungenye yezinto ezibangela ukufa emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngokusho kwe-Umthwalo Wezifo Womhlaba WonkeUcwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukufa okungu-2313991 kubangelwa ukungcola kwangaphakathi ngonyaka wamuva.
Ngenxa yokuthi idatha ye-IHME isanda kakhulu, sithembele kakhulu kudatha ye-IHME emsebenzini wethu wokungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-WHO ishicilele inani elikhulu kakhulu lokufa kwabantu abangcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi. Ngo-2018 (idatha yakamuva etholakalayo) i-WHO ilinganisele ukufa kwabantu abayizigidi ezingu-3.8.4
Umthelela empilweni wokungcola komoya ngaphakathi uphezulu kakhulu emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi. Uma sibheka ukuhlukaniswa kwamazwe anenkomba ephansi yezenhlalo - 'i-SDI ephansi' eshadini elisebenzisanayo - sibona ukuthi ukungcola komoya ngaphakathi kuphakathi kwezinto eziyingozi kakhulu.
Ukusabalala komhlaba wonke kwabantu ababulawa ukungcola komoya ngaphakathi
U-4.1% wabantu abafa emhlabeni wonke babangelwa ukungcola komoya ngaphakathi endlini
Ukungcoliswa komoya wangaphakathi kubangelwe ukufa okulinganiselwa ku-2313991 ngonyaka wakamuva. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukungcoliswa komoya wangaphakathi kube yimbangela yokufa okungu-4.1% emhlabeni jikelele.
Kumephu lapha sibona inani lokufa minyaka yonke okubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi emhlabeni jikelele.
Uma siqhathanisa inani lokufa okubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi endlini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma phakathi kwamazwe, asiqhathanisi nje kuphela izinga lokungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi endlini, kodwa nobunzima balo.kumongoezinye izinto ezibangela ukufa. Isabelo sokungcola komoya wangaphakathi asixhomekile nje kuphela ekutheni bangaki abafa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yako, kodwa nokuthi yini enye abantu abafa ngayo nokuthi lokhu kushintsha kanjani.
Uma sibheka inani labantu abafa ngenxa yokungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi, izibalo ziphezulu emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi kakhulu e-Sub-Saharan Africa, kodwa azihlukile kakhulu emazweni ase-Asia noma eLatin America. Lapho, ubukhulu bokungcola komoya ngaphakathi - okubonakaliswa njengenani labantu abafayo - bufihliwe yindima yezinye izici eziyingozi kubantu abanemali engenayo ephansi, njengokufinyelela okuphansiamanzi aphephile, abampofuukuhlanzekakanye nocansi olungaphephile oluyisici esiyingoziI-HIV/AIDS.
Amanani okufa aphezulu kakhulu emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi
Amazinga okufa ngenxa yokungcola komoya ngaphakathi asinika ukuqhathanisa okunembile komehluko emiphumeleni yokufa phakathi kwamazwe kanye nokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokungafani nesabelo sokufa esisifundile ngaphambili, amazinga okufa awathonywa yindlela ezinye izimbangela noma izici eziyingozi zokufa ezishintsha ngayo.
Kule mephu sibona amazinga okufa ngenxa yokungcola komoya ngaphakathi emhlabeni jikelele. Amazinga okufa alinganisa inani lokufa kubantu abayi-100,000 ezweni noma esifundeni esithile.
Okucacayo umehluko omkhulu emazingeni okufa phakathi kwamazwe: amazinga aphezulu emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi, ikakhulukazi kulo lonke elase-Afrika engaphansi kweSahara nase-Asia.
Qhathanisa la mazinga nalawo asemazweni anemali engenayo ephezulu: kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Melika amazinga okufa angaphansi kuka-0.1 kubantu abayi-100,000. Lowo umehluko omkhulu ngokuphindwe kayi-1000.
Ngakho-ke udaba lokungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi endlini lunehlukana elicacile kwezomnotho: luyinkinga ecishe iqedwe ngokuphelele emazweni anemali engenayo ephezulu, kodwa isalokhu iyinkinga enkulu yezemvelo nezempilo kubantu abanemali engenayo ephansi.
Sibona lobu budlelwano ngokucacile uma sihlela amazinga okufa uma kuqhathaniswa nemali engenayo, njengoba kuboniswelaphaKukhona ubudlelwano obuqinile obungebuhle: amazinga okufa ayancipha njengoba amazwe ethuthuka. Lokhu kuyiqiniso nalaphoyenza lokhu kuqhathanisaphakathi kwamazinga obumpofu obukhulu kanye nemiphumela yokungcola.
Ukufa kwabantu ngenxa yokungcoliswa komoya endlini kushintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Ukufa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokungcola komoya endlini kuye kwehla emhlabeni jikelele
Nakuba ukungcola komoya endlini kusengenye yezinto ezibangela ukufa kwabantu abaningi, futhi kuyisici esikhulu sengozi kubantu abahola kancane, umhlaba nawo wenze intuthuko enkulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje.
Emhlabeni jikelele, inani lokufa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi liye lehla kakhulu kusukela ngo-1990. Lokhu sikubona embonweni, okubonisa inani lokufa minyaka yonke elibangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi emhlabeni jikelele.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi naphezu kokuqhubekaukukhula kwenani labantuemashumini eminyaka amuva nje,isambaInani labafa ngenxa yokungcola komoya ngaphakathi endlini lisanciphile.
Kuvela ku-https://ourworldindata.org/indoor-air-pollution
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-10-2022