Ukunukubezeka komoya wasendlini kubangelwa ukushisa kwemithombo yamafutha aqinile - njengezinkuni, imfucumfucu yezitshalo, nobulongwe - ukupheka nokufudumeza.
Ukushiswa kwamafutha anjalo, ikakhulukazi emakhaya ampofu, kubangela ukungcoliswa komoya okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula ezingaholela ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.I-WHO ibiza ukungcoliswa komoya endlini ngokuthi “ingozi eyodwa enkulu kunazo zonke yezempilo engokwemvelo emhlabeni.”
Ukunukubezeka komoya wasendlini kungenye yezinto ezihamba phambili engozini yokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
Ukunukubezeka komoya wasendlini kuyisici esiyingozi esiholela ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi emazweni ampofu
Ukunukubezeka komoya wasendlini kungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zezemvelo emhlabeni - ikakhulukaziabampofu kakhulu emhlabeniabavame ukungakwazi ukufinyelela amafutha ahlanzekile okupheka.
IIGlobal Burden of Diseasewucwaningo olukhulu lomhlaba wonke olumayelana nezimbangela nezici eziyingozi zokufa nezifo ezishicilelwe kujenali yezokwelaphaI-Lancet.2Lezi zilinganiso zenani lonyaka lokufa okubangelwa izinhlobonhlobo zezici eziyingozi ziboniswa lapha.Leli shadi liboniswa kungqikithi yomhlaba wonke, kodwa lingahlolwa kunoma yiliphi izwe noma isifunda kusetshenziswa ukuguqula "izwe lokushintsha".
Ukungcoliswa komoya osendlini kuyingozi enkulu yezimbangela zokufa eziningana emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa nesifo senhliziyo, inyumoniya, unhlangothi, isifo sikashukela kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.3Eshadini sibona ukuthi kungenye yezinto ezihamba phambili engozini yokufa emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngokusho kweIGlobal Burden of DiseaseUcwaningo lokufa okungama-2313991 kubangelwa ukungcola kwangaphakathi onyakeni wakamuva.
Ngenxa yokuthi idatha ye-IHME eyakamuva kakhulu sithembele kakhulu kudatha ye-IHME emsebenzini wethu wokunukubezeka komoya wasendlini.Kepha kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-WHO ishicilela isibalo esikhulu kakhulu sokufa kokungcoliswa komoya ngaphakathi.Ngo-2018 (idatha yakamuva etholakalayo) i-WHO ilinganisela ukufa kwabantu abayizigidi ezi-3.8.4
Umthelela wezempilo wokungcoliswa komoya wasendlini uphezulu ikakhulukazi emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi.Uma sibheka ukwahlukaniswa kwamazwe anenkomba ephansi ye-sociodemographic - 'I-SDI ephansi' eshadini elisebenzisanayo - sibona ukuthi ukunukubezeka komoya wasendlini kuphakathi kwezinto eziyingozi kakhulu.
Ukusatshalaliswa komhlaba wonke kokufa okubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya wasendlini
U-4.1% wokufa emhlabeni wonke ubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya ongaphakathi
Ukungcoliswa komoya wasendlini kubangelwa ukufa okulinganiselwa ku-2313991 onyakeni wakamuva.Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukunukubezeka komoya osendlini kube nembangela yokufa okungama-4.1% emhlabeni jikelele.
Ebalazweni lapha sibona ingxenye yokufa kwaminyaka yonke okubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya ongaphakathi emhlabeni wonke.
Uma siqhathanisa ingxenye yokufa okubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya wasendlini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma phakathi kwamazwe, asiqhathanisi kuphela izinga lokungcoliswa komoya endlini, kodwa nobukhulu bakho.kumongoezinye izici eziyingozi zokufa.Isabelo sokungcoliswa komoya endlini akuncikile kuphela ekutheni bangaki abafa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kukho, kodwa ukuthi yini enye abantu abafa ngayo nokuthi lokhu kushintsha kanjani.
Uma sibheka isabelo esifa ngenxa yokunukubezeka komoya wasendlini, izibalo ziphezulu emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi kakhulu e-Sub-Saharan Africa, kodwa azihlukile ngokuphawulekayo emazweni ase-Asia yonkana noma eLatin America.Lapho, ubulukhuni bokungcoliswa komoya wasendlini - ovezwa njengengxenye yokufa - bumbozwe indima yezinye izici eziyingozi kwabahola kancane, njengokufinyelela okuncaneamanzi aphephile, mpofuukuthuthwa kwendlekanye nocansi olungaphephile oluyingoziI-HIV/AIDS.
Amazinga okufa aphezulu kuwo wonke amazwe anemali ephansi
Amazinga okufa okuvela ekungcolisweni komoya endlini asinika ukuqhathanisa okunembile komehluko emithelela yakho yokufa phakathi kwamazwe kanye nesikhathi.Ngokungafani nenani lokufa esilifunde ngaphambili, izinga lokufa alithonywa indlela ezinye izimbangela noma izici eziyingozi zokufa ezishintsha ngayo.
Kule mephu sibona amazinga okufa okubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya wasendlini emhlabeni wonke.Amazinga okufa akala inani lokufa kwabantu abayi-100,000 ezweni noma esifundeni esithile.
Okucacayo umehluko omkhulu wamazinga okufa phakathi kwamazwe: amanani aphakeme emazweni anengeniso ephansi, ikakhulukazi kulo lonke elase-Afrika eseNingizimu ne-Sahara kanye nase-Asia.
Qhathanisa la manani nalawo emazweni anemali engenayo ephezulu: kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Melika amanani angaphansi kokufa okungu-0.1 kwabayi-100,000.Lowo umehluko ophindwe kayi-1000.
Ngakho-ke indaba yokungcoliswa komoya wasendlini inokwehlukana okucacile kwezomnotho: kuyinkinga ecishe yaqedwa ngokuphelele kuwo wonke amazwe anemali engenayo ephezulu, kodwa isalokhu iyinkinga enkulu yezemvelo nempilo emiholweni ephansi.
Lobu budlelwano sibubona ngokucacile lapho sihlela amanani okufa ngokuqhathanisa nemali engenayo, njengoba kubonisiwelapha.Kunobudlelwano obungebuhle obuqinile: izinga lokufa liyehla njengoba amazwe eceba.Lokhu kuyiqiniso futhi umayenza lesi siqhathanisophakathi kwamazinga obumpofu obudlulele kanye nemiphumela yokungcola.
Kushintshe kanjani ukushona kwabantu ngenxa yokungcoliswa komoya endlini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
Ukufa kwaminyaka yonke okuvela ekungcolisweni komoya endlini kwehlile emhlabeni jikelele
Nakuba ukungcoliswa komoya endlini kusengenye yezinto ezihamba phambili engozini yokufa, kanye nesici esikhulu sobungozi emalini engenayo ephansi, umhlaba nawo wenze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile emashumini eminyaka amuva nje.
Emhlabeni jikelele, inani labantu abafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokungcoliswa komoya endlini lehle kakhulu kusukela ngo-1990. Lokhu sikubona esithombeni, okubonisa inani lonyaka lokufa okubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya ongaphakathi emhlabeni jikelele.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi naphezu kokuqhubekaukwanda kwabantuemashumini eminyaka amuva nje, iingqikithiinani lokufa okubangelwa ukungcoliswa komoya endlini lisanciphile.
Iphuma ku-https://ourworldindata.org/indoor-air-pollution
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-10-2022