Imiphumela Yempilo
Izimpawu ezihlobene ne-IAQ embi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokungcola. Zingaphambaniswa kalula nezimpawu zezinye izifo ezifana nokungezwani komzimba, ukucindezeleka, umkhuhlane, kanye nomkhuhlane. Inkomba evamile ukuthi abantu bazizwa begula ngenkathi bengaphakathi kwesakhiwo, futhi izimpawu ziyaphela ngokushesha ngemva kokuphuma kwesakhiwo, noma lapho bengekho esakhiweni isikhathi esithile (njengangezimpelasonto noma eholidini). Ucwaningo lwezempilo noma lwezimpawu, njengalolo olufakwe ku-Appendix D, lusetshenziswe ukusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi kukhona izinkinga ze-IAQ. Ukwehluleka kwabanikazi bezakhiwo kanye nabaqhubi ukusabela ngokushesha nangendlela ephumelelayo ezinkingeni ze-IAQ kungaholela emiphumeleni eminingi emibi yezempilo. Imiphumela yezempilo evela ekungcoleni komoya wangaphakathi ingase ibonakale ngokushesha ngemva kokuvezwa noma, mhlawumbe, eminyakeni kamuva (8, 9, 10). Izimpawu zingafaka ukucasuka kwamehlo, impumulo, nomphimbo; ikhanda elibuhlungu; isiyezi; ukuqubuka; kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha kanye nokukhathala (11, 12, 13, 14). Izifo ezihlobene ne-IAQ embi zifaka phakathi i-asthma kanye ne-hypersensitivity pneumonitis (11, 13). Ukungcola okuthile, ukugcwala kokuchayeka, kanye nokuvama kanye nobude bokuchayeka konke kuyizinto ezibalulekile ohlotsheni kanye nobukhali bemiphumela yezempilo ebangelwa yi-IAQ embi. Ubudala kanye nezimo zezokwelapha ezikhona kakade njenge-asthma kanye nokungezwani komzimba nakho kungathinta ubukhali bemiphumela. Imiphumela yesikhathi eside ngenxa yokungcola komoya wangaphakathi ingafaka izifo zokuphefumula, isifo senhliziyo, kanye nomdlavuza, konke okungaba yingozi kakhulu noma kubulale (8, 11, 13).
Ucwaningo luxhumanise umswakama wezakhiwo nemiphumela ebalulekile yezempilo. Izinhlobo eziningi zamabhaktheriya kanye nesikhunta, ikakhulukazi isikhunta esine-filamentous (isikhunta), zingaba negalelo elikhulu ekungcoleni komoya wangaphakathi (4, 15-20). Noma nini lapho kukhona umswakama owanele ezindaweni zokusebenza, lawa magciwane angakhula futhi athinte impilo yabasebenzi ngezindlela eziningana. Izisebenzi zingase zibe nezimpawu zokuphefumula, ukungezwani komzimba, noma i-asthma (8). I-asthma, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuminyana kwama-sinus, ukuthimula, ukuminyana kwamakhala, kanye ne-sinusitis konke kuhlotshaniswa nomswakama wangaphakathi ezifundweni eziningi (21-23). I-asthma ibangelwa futhi iba yimbi kakhulu umswakama ezakhiweni. Izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuvimbela noma zokunciphisa imiphumela emibi yezempilo ukuthola imithombo yomswakama oqhubekayo endaweni yokusebenza nokuyiqeda. Imininingwane eyengeziwe ngokuvimbela izinkinga ezihlobene nesikhunta ingatholakala encwadini ye-OSHA enesihloko esithi: “Ukuvimbela Izinkinga Ezihlobene Nesikhunta Endaweni Yokusebenza Yangaphakathi” (17). Ezinye izici zemvelo ezifana nokukhanya okungekuhle, ukucindezeleka, umsindo, kanye nokungakhululeki kokushisa kungabangela noma kufake isandla kule miphumela yezempilo (8).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-12-2022