Ezweni lanamuhla elinezimboni, ukuqapha izinga lomoya sekuye kwaba bucayi kakhulu njengoba ukungcoliswa komoya kubangela usongo olukhulu empilweni yabantu. Ukuze kuqashwe ngempumelelo futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lomoya, ochwepheshe bahlaziya izinkomba ezinhlanu ezibalulekile:i-carbon dioxide (CO2),izinga lokushisa nomswakama,ama-volatile organic compounds (VOCs),i-formaldehyde, futhii-particulate matter (PM). Lesi sihloko sihlola umthelela wazo kukhwalithi yomoya nempilo yomphakathi kuyilapho sinikeza amasu okunciphisa ukungcoliswa nokuthuthukisa izimo zemvelo.
1.I-Carbon Dioxide (CO2)– Inkemba Esika Nxambili
Uhlolojikelele:
I-CO2 iyigesi engenambala, engenaphunga ekhona ngokwemvelo endaweni ezungezile. Imithombo yayo isukela ekushisweni kwezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi kanye nezinqubo zezimboni kuya ekuphefumuleni komuntu nezilwane. Ezikhaleni ezingaphakathi endlini ezivalekile, ukugxila kwe-CO2 kuvame ukukhuphuka ngenxa yokungangeni komoya okulinganiselwe kanye nokuhlala okuphezulu.
Ukubaluleka:
Nakuba amazinga e-CO2 aphansi engenangozi, ukugxilisa ingqondo ngokweqile kungasusa umoya-mpilo futhi kubangele izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bekhanda, ukukhathala, nokungagxili kahle kwengqondo. Njengegesi ebamba ukushisa, i-CO2 nayo inomthelela ekufudumaleni komhlaba, okubhebhethekisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu. Ukulawula amazinga e-CO2 kuzuzisa impilo yomuntu kanye nemvelo.
2.Izinga lokushisa kanye Nomswakama– Environmental Regulators for Health
Uhlolojikelele:
Izinga lokushisa libonisa ukushisa komoya, kuyilapho umswakama ukala umswakama. Kokubili kuthinta kakhulu ukunethezeka kwangaphakathi nekhwalithi yomoya.
Ukubaluleka:
Izinga lokushisa elilungile kanye namazinga omswakamo asekela imisebenzi yomzimba, njengokulawula izinga lokushisa kanye nokudonswa kwamanzi okuphefumula. Kodwa-ke, ukweqisa kungaholela ezindabeni zezempilo ezifana ne-heatstroke noma izifo zokuphefumula. Ukwengeza, amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nomswakama kusiza ukukhululwa kwezinto eziyingozi njenge-formaldehyde, okwandisa izingozi zokungcoliswa komoya. Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele kanye nomswakama kubalulekile ukuze kuthokomale futhi kuncishiswe ukungcola.
3.I-Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)- Izingcolisi Ezifihliwe Ngaphakathi
Uhlolojikelele:
Ama-VOC angamakhemikhali asuselwa kukhabhoni, okuhlanganisa i-benzene ne-toluene, avame ukukhishwa kupende, ifenisha, nezinto zokwakha. Ukuguquguquka kwazo kuzivumela ukuthi zihlakazeke kalula emoyeni wasendlini.
Ukubaluleka:
Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kuma-VOC kungabangela ubuhlungu bekhanda, isicanucanu, ukulimala kwesibindi nezinso, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa, ngisho nomdlavuza. Ukulawula ukugxila kwe-VOC kubalulekile ekuvikeleni impilo yabahlali kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lomoya wasendlini.
4.I-Formaldehyde (HCHO)– Usongo Olungabonakali
Uhlolojikelele:
I-formaldehyde, igesi engenambala nephunga elimnandi, ivame ukutholakala ezintweni zokwakha, ifenisha, nezinto ezinamathelayo. Ingcolisa umoya kakhulu endlini ngenxa yezindawo zayo ezinobuthi kanye ne-carcinogenic.
Ukubaluleka:
Ngisho nokugxila okuphansi, kwe-formaldehyde kungacasula amehlo, ikhala, nomphimbo, okuholela ekuphatheni kabi kanye nezifo zokuphefumula. Ukuqapha nokunciphisa amazinga e-formaldehyde kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni izindawo eziphephile zasendlini.
5.I-Particulate Matter (PM)– Isingcolisi Somoya Esihamba Phambili
Uhlolojikelele:
I-particle, okuhlanganisa i-PM10 kanye ne-PM2.5, iqukethe izinhlayiya eziqinile ezimisiwe noma eziwuketshezi emoyeni. Imithombo ihlanganisa ukukhishwa kwezimboni, igesi yemoto, nemisebenzi yokwakha.
Ukubaluleka:
I-PM, ikakhulukazi i-PM2.5, ingangena ijule emaphashini nasegazini, ibangele izinkinga zokuphefumula, izifo zenhliziyo, kanye nomdlavuza. Ukunciphisa amazinga e-PM kubalulekile ekuvikelweni kwezempilo kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kokubonakala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
Ukubaluleka Kokuqapha Ikhwalithi Yomoya
01,Ukuvikela Impilo:Ukuqapha kukhomba amazinga angcolisayo, okuvumela ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi zezempilo.
02,Ukulawula Ukungcola Okuqondisayo:Idatha isekela izenzo ezihlosiwe, njengokwamukela amandla ahlanzekile kanye nokuthuthukisa imithetho yemvelo.
03,Ukuthuthukisa ucwaningo:Ukuqapha kunikeza idatha yokufunda amaphethini okungcola, ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokunciphisa, kanye nezinqubomgomo zokwazisa.
04,Ukukhuthaza Ukuthuthukiswa Okusimeme:Umoya ohlanzekile uthuthukisa ukuphila kwamadolobha, uheha ithalente kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kuyilapho uthuthukisa ukukhula komnotho.
Izinyathelo Ezinhlanu Ezibalulekile Zokuthuthukisa Ikhwalithi Yomoya
01,Yehlisa Ukukhishwa Kwe-CO2:
- Ukushintshela emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo njengelanga nomoya.
- Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ekukhiqizeni nasekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke.
- Yamukela izinqubo zomnotho eziyindilinga ukuze unciphise ukumoshwa kwezinsiza.
02,Lawula izinga lokushisa nokuswakama:
- Sebenzisa i-air conditioning nama-dehumidifiers ukuze ugcine amazinga afanele.
- Thuthukisa imiklamo yokwakha yokungena komoya wemvelo.
03,Amazinga aphansi we-VOC kanye ne-Formaldehyde:
- Khetha izinto eziphansi ze-VOC ngesikhathi sokwakha nokulungiswa kabusha.
- Khulisa ukungena komoya noma sebenzisa izihlanzi zomoya ukuze unciphise ukunqwabelana endlini.
05,Nciphisa I-particle Particulate:
- Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuvutha obuhlanzekile.
- Lawula indawo yokwakha uthuli kanye nentuthu yemigwaqo.
06,Ukuqapha Ikhwalithi Yomoya Okuvamile:
- Sebenzisa amadivaysi okuqapha ukuze uthole izinto eziyingozi ngokushesha.
- Khuthaza ukubamba iqhaza komphakathi ekugcineni umoya unempilo ezindaweni okwabelwana ngazo.
Izinyathelo Ezinhlanu Ezibalulekile Zokuthuthukisa Ikhwalithi Yomoya
Ukwenza ngcono izinga lomoya kudinga imizamo ehlangene, kusukela ekuqapheni izinto ezingcolisayo kuya ekuthatheni izinqubo ezisimeme. Umoya ohlanzekile awugcini nje ngokuvikela impilo yomphakathi kodwa futhi ukhuthaza ukulingana kwemvelo nenqubekelaphambili yezomnotho yesikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-22-2025